Water Code
CHAPTER 29. SALT WATER HAULERS
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 29.001. Short Title.
This chapter may be cited as the Oil and Gas Waste Haulers Act.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 21, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.002. Definitions.
In this chapter:
(1) "Person" means an individual, association of
individuals, partnership, corporation, receiver, trustee,
guardian, executor, or a fiduciary or representative of any
kind.
(2) "Railroad commission" means the Railroad Commission of
Texas.
(3) "Oil and gas waste" means oil and gas waste as defined
by Section 91.1011, Natural Resources Code, and includes water
containing salt or other mineralized substances produced by
drilling an oil or gas well or produced in connection with the
operation of an oil or gas well.
(4) "Hauler" means a person who transports oil and gas waste
for hire by any method other than by pipeline.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 22, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
SUBCHAPTER B. PERMITS
Sec. 29.011. Application for Permit.
Any person may apply to the railroad commission for a permit to
haul and dispose of oil and gas waste.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 23, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.012. Application Form.
The railroad commission shall prescribe a form on which an
application for a permit may be made and shall provide the form
to any person who wishes to submit an application.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Sec. 29.013. Contents of Application.
The application for a permit shall:
(1) state the number of vehicles the applicant plans to use
for hauling oil and gas waste;
(2) affirmatively show that the vehicles are designed so
that they will not leak during transportation of oil and gas
waste;
(3) include an affidavit from a person who operates an
approved system of oil and gas waste disposal stating that the
applicant has permission to use the approved system;
(4) state the applicant's name, business address, and
permanent mailing address; and
(5) include other relevant information required by railroad
commission rules.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 24, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.014. Rejecting an Application.
If an application for a permit does not comply with Section
29.013 of this code or with reasonable rules of the railroad
commission, the railroad commission may reject the application.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Sec. 29.015. Application Fee.
With each application for issuance, renewal, or material
amendment of a permit, the applicant shall submit to the railroad
commission a nonrefundable fee of $100. Fees collected under this
section shall be deposited in the oil-field cleanup fund.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 25, eff. Sept. 1,
1991.
Sec. 29.018. Suspension; Refusal to Renew.
The railroad commission may suspend or refuse to renew a permit
for a period not to exceed one year if the permittee:
(1) violates the provisions of this chapter;
(2) violates reasonable rules promulgated under Section
29.031 of this code; or
(3) does not maintain his operation at the standards that
entitled him to a permit under Section 29.013 of this code.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 1654, ch. 650, Sec. 1.
Renumbered and amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870,
Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1977. Amended by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p.
5266, ch. 967, Sec. 15, eff. Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.019. Appeal.
Any person whose permit application is refused, whose permit is
suspended, or whose application for permit renewal is refused by
the railroad commission may file a petition in an action to set
aside the railroad commission's act within the 30-day period
immediately following the day he receives notice of the railroad
commission's action.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Sec. 29.020. Suit to Compel Railroad Commission to Act.
If the railroad commission does not act within a reasonable
time after a person applies for a permit or for renewal of a
permit, the applicant may notify the railroad commission of his
intention to file suit. After 10 days have elapsed since the day
the notice was given, the applicant may file a petition in an
action to compel the railroad commission to show cause why it
should not be directed by the court to take immediate action.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Sec. 29.021. Venue.
The venue in actions under Sections 29.019 and 29.020 of this
code is fixed exclusively in the district courts of Travis
County.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
SUBCHAPTER C. COMMISSION AUTHORITY
Sec. 29.031. Rulemaking Power.
The railroad commission shall adopt rules to effectuate the
provisions of this chapter.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977; Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5264, ch. 967, Sec. 12,
eff. Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.032. Copies of Rules.
The railroad commission shall print the rules and provide
copies to persons who apply for them.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977; Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5264, ch. 967, Sec. 12,
eff. Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.033. Effective Date of Rules.
No rule or amendment to a rule is effective until after the
30-day period immediately following the day on which a copy of
the rule is filed with the Secretary of State.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977; Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5264, ch. 967, Sec. 12,
eff. Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.034. Access to Property.
Members and employees of the railroad commission, on proper
identification, may enter public or private property to inspect
and investigate conditions relating to the hauling of oil and gas
waste, to monitor compliance with a rule, permit, or other order
of the railroad commission, or to examine and copy, during
reasonable working hours, those records or memoranda of the
business being investigated. Members or employees acting under
the authority of this section who enter an establishment on
public or private property shall observe the establishment's
posted safety, internal security, and fire protection rules.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5264, ch. 967, Sec. 12, eff.
Sept. 1, 1983.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 26, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
SUBCHAPTER D. OFFENSES; PENALTIES
Sec. 29.041. Hauling Without Permit.
No hauler may haul or dispose of oil and gas waste off the lease,
unit, or other oil or gas property where it is generated unless
the hauler has a permit issued under this chapter.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 27, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.042. Exceptions.
(a) A person may haul oil and gas waste for use in connection
with drilling or servicing an oil or gas well without obtaining a
hauler's permit under this chapter.
(b) The commission by rule may except from the permitting
requirements of this chapter specific categories of oil and gas
waste other than salt water.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 28, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.043. Using Haulers Without Permit.
No person may knowingly utilize the services of a hauler to
haul or dispose of oil and gas waste off the lease, unit, or
other oil or gas property where it is generated if the hauler
does not have a permit as required under this chapter.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 29, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.044. Disposing of Oil and Gas Waste.
(a) No hauler may dispose of oil and gas waste on public roads
or on the surface of public land or private property in this
state in other than a railroad commission-approved disposal
facility without written authority from the railroad commission.
(b) No hauler may dispose of oil and gas waste on property of
another in other than a railroad commission-approved disposal
facility without the written authority of the landowner.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 30, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.045. Use of Unmarked Vehicles.
No person who is required to have a permit under this chapter
may haul oil and gas waste in a vehicle that does not bear the
owner's name and the hauler's permit number. This information
shall appear on both sides and the rear of the vehicle in
characters not less than three inches high.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 603, Sec. 31, eff. Jan. 1,
1992.
Sec. 29.046. Penalty.
A person who violates any provision of this chapter is guilty
of a misdemeanor and upon conviction is punishable by a fine of
not less than $100 nor more than $1,000 or by confinement in the
county jail for not more than 10 days or by both.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, Sec. 1, eff.
Sept. 1, 1977.
Sec. 29.047. Administrative Penalty.
(a) If a person violates the provisions of this chapter or a
rule, order, license, permit, or certificate issued under this
chapter, the person may be assessed a civil penalty by the
railroad commission.
(b) The penalty may not exceed $10,000 a day for each
violation. Each day a violation continues may be considered a
separate violation for purposes of penalty assessments.
(c) In determining the amount of the penalty, the railroad
commission shall consider the permittee's history of previous
violations of this chapter, the seriousness of the violation, any
hazard to the health or safety of the public, and the
demonstrated good faith of the permittee or person charged.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 1421, ch. 286, Sec. 7, eff.
Aug. 29, 1983.
Sec. 29.048. Penalty Assessment Procedure.
(a) A civil penalty may be assessed only after the permittee or
person charged with a violation described under Section 29.047 of
this code has been given an opportunity for a public hearing.
(b) If a public hearing has been held, the railroad commission
shall make findings of fact, and it shall issue a written
decision as to the occurrence of the violation and the amount of
the penalty that is warranted, incorporating, when appropriate,
an order requiring that the penalty be paid.
(c) If appropriate, the railroad commission shall consolidate
the hearings with other proceedings under this chapter.
(d) If the permittee or person charged with the violation fails
to avail himself of the opportunity for a public hearing, a civil
penalty may be assessed by the railroad commission after it has
determined that a violation did occur and the amount of the
penalty that is warranted.
(e) The railroad commission shall then issue an order requiring
that the penalty be paid.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 1421, ch. 286, Sec. 7, eff.
Aug. 29, 1983.
Sec. 29.049. Payment of Penalty; Refund.
(a) On the issuance of an order finding that a violation has
occurred, the railroad commission shall inform the permittee and
any other person charged within 30 days of the amount of the
penalty.
(b) Within the 30-day period immediately following the day on
which the decision or order is final as provided in Subchapter F,
Chapter 2001, Government Code, the person charged with the
penalty shall:
(1) pay the penalty in full; or
(2) if the person seeks judicial review of either the amount
of the penalty or the fact of the violation, or both:
(A) forward the amount to the railroad commission for
placement in an escrow account; or
(B) in lieu of payment into escrow, post a supersedeas
bond with the railroad commission under the following
conditions. If the decision or order being appealed is the
first final railroad commission decision or order assessing
any administrative penalty against the person, the railroad
commission shall accept a supersedeas bond. In the case of
appeal of any subsequent decision or order assessing any
administrative penalty against the person, regardless of the
finality of judicial review of any previous decision or
order, the railroad commission may accept a supersedeas
bond. Each supersedeas bond shall be for the amount of the
penalty and in a form approved by the railroad commission
and shall stay the collection of the penalty until all
judicial review of the decision or order is final.
(c) If through judicial review of the decision or order it is
determined that no violation occurred or that the amount of the
penalty should be reduced or not assessed, the railroad
commission shall, within the 30-day period immediately following
that determination, if the penalty has been paid to the railroad
commission, remit the appropriate amount to the person, with
accrued interest, or where a supersedeas bond has been posted,
the railroad commission shall execute a release of such bond.
(d) Failure to forward the money to the railroad commission
within the time provided by Subsection (b) of this section
results in a waiver of all legal rights to contest the violation
or the amount of the penalty.
(e) Judicial review of the order or decision of the railroad
commission assessing the penalty shall be under the substantial
evidence rule and shall be instituted by filing a petition with
the district court of Travis County, Texas, and not elsewhere, as
provided for in Subchapter G, Chapter 2001, Government Code.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 1421, ch. 286, Sec. 7, eff.
Aug. 29, 1983.
Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 76, Sec. 5.95(53), (59),
eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Sec. 29.050. Recovery of Penalty.
Civil penalties owed under Sections 29.047-29.049 of this code
may be recovered in a civil action brought by the attorney
general at the request of the railroad commission.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 1421, ch. 286, Sec. 7, eff.
Aug. 29, 1983.
SUBCHAPTER E. CIVIL ENFORCEMENT
Sec. 29.051. Civil Penalty.
(a) A person who violates this chapter, a rule or order of the
railroad commission adopted under this chapter, or a term,
condition, or provision of a permit issued under this chapter, is
subject to a civil penalty of not to exceed $10,000 for each
offense. Each day a violation is committed is a separate
offense.
(b) An action to recover the penalty under Subsection (a) of this
section may be brought by the railroad commission in any court of
competent jurisdiction in the county in which the offending
activity occurred, in which the defendant resides, or in Travis
County.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5265, ch. 967, Sec. 13, eff.
Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.052. Injunction.
The railroad commission may enforce this chapter, a valid rule
or order made under this chapter, or a term or condition of a
permit issued by the railroad commission under this chapter by
injunction or other appropriate remedy. The action may be
brought in a court of competent jurisdiction in the county in
which the offending activity has occurred, in which the defendant
resides, or in Travis County.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5265, ch. 967, Sec. 13, eff.
Sept. 1, 1983.
Sec. 29.053. Procedure.
(a) At the request of the railroad commission, the attorney
general shall institute and conduct a suit in the name of the
state for injunctive relief or other appropriate remedy or to
recover a civil penalty as provided by Section 29.051 or 29.052
of this code or for both injunctive relief or other appropriate
remedy and recovery of a civil penalty.
(b) A party to a suit may appeal from a final judgment as in
other civil cases.
Added by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5265, ch. 967, Sec. 13, eff.
Sept. 1, 1983